Динаміка фізичних та водно-фізичних властивостей педоземів за профілем Нікопольського Марганцеворудного басейну

Abstract

Визначено фізичні й водно-фізичні властивості педоземів за профілем, які впливають на спрямованість та темпи екологічної сукцесії на землях, що рекультивуються. Доведено, що показники максимальної гігроскопічної вологи, вологи в’янення рослин, щільності твердої фази та шпаруватості розподілені рівномірно за профілем, а показники польової вологості, щільності ґрунту, доступної вологи – нерівномірно і утворюють гомогенні шари. Researches have conducted on experimental participation by land reclamation, which is situated at the science researching base of theDnipropetrovskStateAgrarian-EconomicUniversityinOrdzhonikidze. Soil profile have been laid at the site of pedozem.The formation of morphological structures are only occurring in the technogenic soils, which are then have converted into genetic horizons homologous in the natural soil horizons. Therefore, sampling has been carried out in layers, which have a fixed height –10 cmto determine the properties of these layers, which can be regarded as nuclei for future genetic horizons, has been used the concept of homogeneity (uniformity) layers.Based on these results, we can conclude that the performance maximum hygroscopic moisture, plants wilting point and porosity has evenly distributed along the profile. Field moisture content has not distributed evenly across the layers, the maximum (18,65 %) of moisture value field has been at a depth of 30–40 cmThis indicates that moisture has freely passes through the pores of the layer of 40–50 cmthere has a further densified layer which prevents further movement of moisture. The result of these processes may be the formation of anaerobic conditions in the root layer.The porosity in the upper (0–10 cm) layer was high (50,12 %), farther has observed the tendency to decrease, at a depth of 50–60 cmminimum figure (38,56 %), indicators of soil density have distributed on the contrary, in the upper horizons they were low but have increased with depth reaching a maximum (1,56 g/cm3) values in a bowl 50–60 cm This indicated that at this depth was more compacted layer of pedozem.In general, the results have obtained from the research has showed that physical and hydro-physical properties of pedozem have had high spatial variability.