Розвиток логістичної діяльності підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості

Abstract

Досліджено теоретико-методологічні основи розвитку підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. Удосконалено понятійно-категорійний апарат у частині уточнення сутності поняття «логістика підприємства», «логістична діяльність». Виокремлені методичні підходи до оцінки ефективності розвитку логістичної діяльності підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. Досліджено стан розвитку підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. Виявлено особливості функціонування логістичної системи України. Визначено специфіку впливу внутрішніх і зовнішніх чинників на ефективність розвитку логістичної діяльності підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. Запропоновано концептуальні засади вдосконалення розвитку логістичної діяльності підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості на основі оцінки загроз діяльності підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості за допомогою адитивної функції. Розроблено й обґрунтовано інструменти моделювання вибору оптимальних постачальників сировини та матеріалів для підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. За допомогою запропонованого алгоритму виявлені основні критерії та параметри вибору постачальників для суб’єктів господарювання м’ясопереробної промисловості. Удосконалено механізми реструктуризації логістики збуту підприємств м’ясопереробної промисловості. It is proven that the theoretical approach to the management of logistic activities of business entities is constituent of the general concept of management, when considering which the distinguishing between two prevailing approaches – as a «process» and as a «flow». The theoretical and methodological principles of development of logistical activity of enterprises of meat processing industry through genesis of meaning of concepts "Logistics", «Logistics of the enterprise» and «Logistics of the enterprise», which, in practice, showed their broad interpretation in the scientific and expert environment. In the formation and implementation of logistic activities, in the forefront are the tasks of developing methodological principles and theoretical problems associated with a comprehensive study of issues of supply of raw materials and materials, provision of production processes, adjusting the sales channels of finished products. This determines the need to use systemic and software-targeted approaches and integral logistics paradigms. The theoretical base of the dissertation was: development theory, risk management, company theory, marketing theories, etc. The destabilizing influence on the development of logistic activity of meat processing enterprises is the cause of internal and external threats, the total set of which is systematized in five stages: supply of raw materials, transportation, storage, production and sales. Determination of the economic efficiency of logistical activity of meat processing enterprises is proposed to be carried out on the basis of a comprehensive approach in four allocated blocks. According to the results of the study, the theoretical and methodological principles of development of logistic activity of enterprises of meat processing industry are generalized and the prerequisites for its improvement. The assessment of the logistics system of Ukraine is carried out. After analyzing the development of the logistics system of Ukraine, it can be argued that it significantly behind the average level of transport infrastructure development and still does not meet the standards and requirements of the world level. The logistics system of Ukraine is at a rather low level. Most problems arise from undervening transport and logistics services. The dissertation contains an assessment of indicators of development of meat processing enterprises. This industry depends significantly on the volume of raw materials, which is determined by the stock of animals and poultry. The state of development of the raw material base of the meat processing industry was forecasted and calculated by exponential, linear, polynomial, logarithmic and power trends. The specifics of the influence of internal and external factors on the efficiency of the logistics activity of enterprises of meat processing industry are determined. The STEP analysis has revealed the impact of external factors on the development of meat processing enterprises. With SWOT analysis revealed strong and weaknesses of the development of logistic activity of meat processing enterprises, as well as opportunities and threats of development. The choice of optimal suppliers will contribute to the improvement of the development of logistic activity of meat processing enterprises , in the context of which the model procedure for assessing their competitiveness levels is proposed. In this regard, the specificity of the modeling of the integral indicator is to construct and numerically express the hierarchical system of the set of indicators, which, on the one hand, can have qualitative characteristics, on the other hand – are numerical. The use of fuzzy logic methods allowed to formalize the received multifaceted indicators and systematize them on a single scale. It is proposed to analyze the effectiveness of the development of logistic activity of enterprises of meat processing industry by determining the change in certain characteristics of this activity in four its characteristic blocks (purchasing, production, marketing and control logistics) by indicators – reduction of stocks at all stages of material flows, reducing the time of resource passage and produced products for logistics chains, reducing the cost of movement of goods in the general chain of the provider – the company – the consumer, a decrease in prices for meat products as a result of reducing the costs of their delivery; growth of the total volume of trade turnover. It is also expedient to determine the impact of the development of logistic activity on the general level of efficiency of economic activity of enterprises. A comprehensive assessment of measures to increase the efficiency of logistic activity is carried out on the basis of calculations by model of the transport task. According to its results, proposals for balancing time and volumes of resources and product range of sales of meat products, taking into account the location of warehouse premises and distances from potential resources providers and products.